‍SEATTLE — Boeing and United Airlines (UA) have completed a series of flight tests evaluating a modernized data-communication architecture that could redefine how information flows between pilots, air traffic control, and airline operations centers. The effort marks one of the most advanced real-world demonstrations yet of Internet Protocol Suite (IPS)–based communications, the digital backbone envisioned for future air traffic management.

Using a UA 737-8 designated as the 2025 Boeing ecoDemonstrator Explorer, test pilots conducted U.S. flights from Houston and European missions from Edinburgh over a two-week period beginning in late October. The trials assessed how internet-based connectivity could improve message speed, reliability, and interoperability across multiple aviation stakeholders.

Boeing says the new system has the potential to reduce air traffic congestion, fuel burn, operating costs, and emissions, while modernizing the way crews receive operational updates.

“Boeing is proud to lead the advancement of digital communications that significantly enhance safety and operational efficiency,” said Todd Citron, Boeing’s Chief Technology Officer. “Our collaboration with United and the industry team is a pivotal step toward improving the reliability and speed of communication between the flight deck and air traffic control.”

United’s test pilots emphasized how IPS could streamline routine operations and strengthen situational awareness.

“The ecoDemonstrator project is an outstanding collaboration to help support ongoing upgrades within our air traffic control system,” said Andy McKee, United 737 Chief Test Pilot. “United is proud to leverage this effort to help shape the future of flight.”

A Decade in the Making

The ecoDemonstrator program, launched in 2012, is Boeing’s flagship platform for moving emerging technologies out of the lab and into operational environments. To date, more than 250 innovations have been evaluated through the initiative, ranging from aerodynamic improvements to sustainable materials and noise-reduction concepts.

The IPS test campaign represents the culmination of a 10-year development effort involving:

• Collins Aerospace
• Honeywell
• SITA
• Thales
• Viasat
• European Space Agency (ESA)
• FAA and NASA ATM-X
• Embry–Riddle Aeronautical University

Each partner contributed different aspects of the digital communications ecosystem, from satellite connectivity and avionics to ground infrastructure and regulatory oversight.

Industry leaders framed the tests as a crucial step toward trajectory-based operations, a future global standard that relies on continuous, secure data exchange to optimize aircraft routing and reduce system-wide delays.

“Data communications are essential to the safety and performance of tomorrow’s aircraft,” said Nate Boelkins, President of Avionics at Collins Aerospace. Thales, Viasat, ESA, and SITA echoed similar sentiments, underscoring IPS as a building block for a globally interoperable air traffic system.

Why IPS Matters

Today’s aircraft rely heavily on legacy systems such as ACARS and VHF voice transmissions—technologies that, while reliable, were never designed for the level of automation and bandwidth required by modern aviation.

IPS introduces:

• IP-based message routing rather than analog or character-based formats
• Higher data speeds enabling real-time updates
• More resilient connectivity using multi-link (satcom, cellular, terrestrial) paths
• Improved cybersecurity and interoperability for mixed-fleet operations

For airlines, the benefits could include more efficient diversions, improved flight-planning accuracy, real-time weather re-routing, and faster recovery during irregular operations.

What This Means for the Industry

If fully implemented worldwide, IPS could become as transformative as ADS-B was a decade ago. Key implications include:

1. Toward a Modernized ATC Framework

IPS aligns with the FAA’s NextGen and Europe’s SESAR initiatives, both of which seek to move aviation toward trajectory-based operations—a paradigm that depends on high-speed, reliable digital exchanges.

2. Reduced Delays and Congestion

Real-time digital handshakes between crews, dispatchers, and ATC can speed up slot allocation, reduce holding patterns, and tighten separation standards under the right conditions.

3. Enhanced Sustainability

More accurate routing translates into less fuel burn. For large fleets, even small percentage gains can save millions of gallons annually.

4. Industrywide Standardization Needed

IPS will only reach its potential if adopted consistently across airlines, OEMs, regulators, and air-navigation service providers. The ecoDemonstrator tests are a major proof-of-concept—but global rollout will take years.